It takes Mars 668 Sols*, or Martian days, to circle the sun, almost twice as long as on Earth. In  this Nerio Martian calendar  these 668 Sol days are divided into five 133 sol day seasons. Each of these 5 seasons are in turn broken down into 5 sections, each of which is further divided into five 5 "day"(sol) periods. (The 5 season format is one also utilized in the earthly version of the 5 Mt Calendar system.) This 5 Mt Lunar Calendar for Mars* being proposed here is mainly based on the cycles of the Martian moon Deimos which has a 5.32 sol period.

The Roman god Mars was originally an archetype of farmers, not wariors like the Greek Aries. He ruled the thunder that brought rain and all agricultural endeavors. It is an acceptable name for a colonized and peaceful red planet where the production of food and shelter will take early precedent.  The generally used names of the two moons of Mars, however, are less acceptable. They were discovered by Asaph Hall  in August of 1877 and their names of Deimos and Phobos were suggested by Henry Madam (1838-1901), from a passage in the Iliad where Ares summons Fear and Fright. Such names are not ideal for a modern peace loving society.  A more appropriate name for the two moons are Nerio and Moles, the two wives of Mars. Nerio means strength and fortitude, Moles may mean Goddess of the mill. Hereafter the moons of Mars will be referred to as Nerio (Deimos) and Moles (Phobus).

There are 125.5639 cycles of the Nerio (Deimos)  Moon in one Martian year of 668 Sol. These 125 cycles are divided into five equal periods for 5 Martian Seasons. Each of the five Seasons are further divided into five parts to form 5 Martian "months"each season of 26 sols each.There are 25 of these months in a Martian year.
Each one of the 26 sol Martian "months" is further divided into 5 Martian "weeks" of 5 days each, and each sol is divided into 5 parts of aprox 5 hours each by the movements of the other Martian moon Moles (Phobus) and by the dual moon conjuctions and oppositions of Mar's two moons that occur every 5 hours and 9 minutes.
(1/5 of a Sol is 4'56", 13 minutes shy of the Phobos half cycle but close enough to visually observe moon conjunctions for off the cuff meal scheduling.)

• Lustrum: A Lustrum is a quinquennial that contains 5 Years & 25 Seasons and contains 3340 Sols or Martian Days. Each series of 5 668 Sol years is ruled over by one of the 5 Lights. This has some similarities to the Earthly Chinese System of Stems and Branches. The series of five years are designated as FireStar, WindStar, ZephyrStar, EarthStar and WaterStar Years. A 5 Year period for 5 year plans and for gradual advancement from Novice to Master in any given field. Systematic growth in the philosophy and worldview.
• 5 Years with 5 Seasons each. Each year has 668 Sols.
• Year 1: Listener - Initiation into the System...firsthand experience in the program.  (Titles are taken from the Manichaean heirarchy system)
• Year 2: Elect - expanding intellectual understanding of the System. Study and logic.
• Year 3: 360 - seeing the value and beauty of the System, excelling in a given field of choice.
• Year 4: 72 - Becoming grounded and solid in the Teachings, instructing others, organizing Enclaves.
• Year 5: 12 fold Master, in the flow, avoiding pitfals and deviations that deteriate the Teaching, preserving the Tradition.
• 25 Seasons of aprox 133 sols each.


The Nerio Year




• 1 Year: A Year contains 5 Seasons & 25 Fortnights  Five 133 day seasons, pluse 3 sols, make up the 668 Sol of the  Mars Year.
•  5 Seasons with 5 fortnights (1/2 moon phases) each of 133 aproximate sols. 5 Seasons of  advancement up the Tree of Life over a one year time span.   The series of five Seasons  are designated as Bon, Nag, Man, Zen & Naz Seasons.
• Bon Season 1:
• Nag Season 2:
• Mani Season 3:
• Zen Season 4:
• Naz Season 5:
• 25 Fortnights  (A Martian "fortnight" or "month" is five Nerio (Deimos) moon cycles)


5 Great Nerio Seasons




• Seasons:  Five 133 Sol seasons, plus 3 sols, make up the 668 Sol (Martian day) Mars Year.
• 5 Fortnights 5 26 sol "months" or "fortnights" make up one 133 sol season.  (A Martian "fortnight" or "month" is five Nerio (Deimos) moon cycles and is not a half moon cycle as on Earth)
• Fortnight 1: Forcing oneself into the reality or worldview (Fire), Initial struggles with a new Program.
• Fortnight 2: Expanding understanding of that world (Wood), Familarity with a Paths Teachings and texts.
• Fortnight 3: Experiencing the beauty of that realm (Zephyr), Virtues of a Path.
• Fortnight 4: Solidifying its reality into ones being/bones (Earth), Encorporating the Instructions.
• Fortnight 5: Flowing with its essence whilst avoiding areas of its decay (Water). Abiding in the Essence of a Path.
• 25 Nerio Cycles
 
5 Nerio Fortnights
 
• Fortnight:  26 sol "months" or "fortnights"
• 5 Pentads (5 sol) - there are five of these per 26 sol"month", 25 per 133 day Season. (The extra sol is used as a fast day)
• 25 Sols or Martian Days of 24 hour 39 minutes


5 Day Nerio Weeks

• Pentad:  (5 sol) - there are five of these per 26 sol"month", 25 per 133 day Season.
• 5 Sols with 5 Tides each. A Sol is 24 hour 39 minutes day divided into 5 Tides or parts of 295.8  minutes each (4.93 hours).
• Asian Cuisine/Cypress Incense (rotated according to Season)
• Middle Eastern Cuisine/Juniper Incense
• Tibetan/Indian Cuisine/Fir Incense
• Mexican Cuisine/Pine Incense
• Italian Cuisine/Cedar Incense
• 25 Tides of  295.8 minutes each


5 Part Days




• Sol: A Sol contains 5 Tides & 25 Hours.  A  24 hour 39 minutes period from sunrise to sunrise divided into 5 parts of 295.8  minutes each (4.93 hours). Mars's "Sol" (solar day) is about 2.75% longer than Earth's.
• 5 TidesTides of 295.8  minutes each (4.93 hours).
• MorningTziphra: First half of a 4.93 hour period beginning at  dawn. Personal "career" work.
• MidMorningTlata:
• AfternoonShitaya: First half of a 4.93 hour period  beginning mid day, or 4:48" after dawn. physical chores period.
• MidAfternoonTesha:
• EveningRamsha: Relaxation, socialization period.  First half of a 4.93 hour period.
• MidEveningShlama:
• NightSitara: Blue light free period and sleep. First half of a 4.93 hour period.
• MidnightLilya:
• PredawnAnpia:  Deep sleep period. Dream work. First half of a 4.93 hour period.
• MidpredawnQadumia:
• 25 Hours:  25 Hours (consisting of  59.16 minutes each) making up 5 Tides of Time.
• 25 "Stound",  aprox 11.83 minute time periods (1/5 of any seasonal hour which itself is 1/5 of a Tide.)

 

5 Part Tides




• Tide: A Tide contains 5 Hours & 25 Stounds.  They begin at sunrise and last 295.8 minutes each,  a period divided into two halves and based upon a sunrise beginning time regardless of day length or season.
• 5 Hour with 5 Stounds each lasting  59.16"  and which does not vary in length according to daylight and dark periods.
• Hour 1: 1st 1/5 of a 5 hour block 59.16"
• Hour 2: 1/5 of a 5 hour block 59.16"
• Hour 3: 1/5 of a 5 hour block 59.16"
• Hour 4: 1/5 of a 5 hour block 59.16"
• Hour 5: 1/5 of a 5 hour block 59.16"
• 25 Stounds:  1/5 of an hour. A 11.83 minute time period. (1/5 of any hour which itself is 1/5 of a Tide.)

Mars Capital City of  Nuwa

EARTH MARS TIME OVERLAPS

The 5 Mt Lunar Calendar for Earth and Mars are similar. Each has five season divided into 5 "months or 1/2 months" which in turn are divided into five weeks of either 3 or 5 days each:
 

An important facet of any valuable calendar system observed by humans is the incorportation of set fasting periods, followed by feasting. The human body has evolved with an absolute need for daily and extended fasting periods for cleansing and rejuvenation and a following feasting period when stem cells are renewed . In times of abundance it is difficult to include extended  fasting periods without set times institutionalized by some sort of liturgical or agreed upon calendar. Hence this proposal.

As in the 5 Mt Earth Calendar, the 5 Mt Mars calendar restricts eating to 2/5 of the sol or day, a roughly 10 hour period that corresponds well to the 10 hr and 18 minute Nerio-Moles daily conjunctions visible in the non polar regions of Mars. The 10 hour and 18 minute eating window allows for a roughly 14 hour fasting period each day, allowing insulen to drop and physical cleansing and rejuvenation to occur. Deeper levels of cleansing and renewal are instigated by the longer fasts occuring at the end of the months, seasons and year.
(Phobos orbits closer to Mars than Deimos, with an orbital period of just 7.66 hour and periodic conjunctions with Deimos every 10 hr and 18 minutes.)

The use of Nerio (Deimos)  moon phases, with its 5.32 sol period (slightly longer than an exact 5 day cycle), allows for these extra time periods of .32 sol to accumulate over time and be eventually grouped into 25 fasting periods. These 25 fasts are inserted into the Mars Lunar Calendar at the end of each Martian month, season and year. The monthly fasts are 38 hours long, the end of season fasts are 38 hours plus an additional 72 hours, which totals 110 hours.  The years end fast includes the 110 hours of fasting at the end of the fifth season plus another 72 hour fasting period which occurs just before the beginning of a new Martian year. This 110 hour fast and the additional 72 hour fast are separated by one meal and total 182 hours. These numerous fasting periods are observed in the folowing manner:
 

• At the end of five observings of the 5 sol "week", on the 26th sol, observe one fasting period of 38 hours which includes the last 6 hours of the 25th sol after the last evening meal, continues thruout the 24 hours of the 26th sol of each month, and ends 8 hours later when the normal first meal occurs on the first sol of a new 25 sol  period. (There are 20 of these per Martian year, four per season, with another 5 observed in conjunction with a seasons end fast of 110 hours.)
• At the end of each season, after five observings of the 26 day "month", observe one fasting period of 110 hours which includes the 38 hour fast at months end plus 72 additional hours (3 sol periods), equally almost 5 earth days, which begins in the afternoon of the 129th sol and ends mid morning on the beginning of a new 133 Sol Season. (There are five of these each year. with the fifth one being extended 3 extra sol periods after a short eating break.)
• At the end of five seasons,  observe one fasting period of 182 hours (equalls 7.58 earth days) which begins in the late afternoon of the 660th sol of the Martian year and ends mid morning on the beginning of a new Martian year. There are one of these per Martian year  nd it includes the 26th day of the last 26 day month of the last season, along with 3 extra sol periods added to the end of the last season, plus 3 extra sols added to the end of the year -- divided into two parts of 110 hours plus another 72 hours (for a total of 182 hours with one meal in the middle.)

** Lunar calendars have a long history among earthlings. One found at Warren Field in Scotland  has been dated to c. 8000 BC. Some scholars argue for lunar calendars existing even earlier, such as the one from around 17,000 years ago found in a cave painting at Lascaux and another around 27,000 years ago on a  bone baton. Scholars have argued that regular observations of the Moon go back in the Upper Palaeolithic, with the earliest uses of the Moon as a time-measuring device back to 28,000–30,000 years ago.

This Mars Lunar Calendar was created by me, Yesai, on Earth on Aug 13,2021 as a means to coordinate the Earthly 5 Mt time system with the lunar phases of Mars.